沉迷于STEM专业教育
家共同进步!本期节目选取的是关于美国对于STEM专业教育的沉迷极具风险的一则英文报道,让我们一起在翻译中关注。
BACKGROUND:
STEM代表科学(Science),技术(Technology),工程(Engineering),数学(Mathematics)。STEM教育就是科学,技术,工程,数学的教育。在国家实力的比较中,获得STEM学位的人数成为一个重要的指标。美国政府STEM计划是一项鼓励学生主修科学、技术、工程和数学(STEM)领域的计划,并不断加大科学、技术、工程和数学教育的投入,培养学生的科技理工素养。
CONTENT:
For most of its history, the United States was unique in offering a well-rounded education. In their comprehensive study, “The Race Between Education and Technology,” Harvard’s Claudia Goldin and Lawrence Katz point out that in the 19th century, countries like Britain, France and Germany educated only a few and put them through narrow programs designed to impart only the skills crucial to their professions. America, by contrast, provided mass general education because people were not rooted in specific locations with long-established trades that offered the only paths forward for young men. And the American economy historically changed so quickly that the nature of work and the requirements for success tended to shift from one generation to the next. People didn’t want to lock themselves into one professional guild or learn one specific skill for life.
KEYWORDS:
well-rounded 全面的
impart 灌输
mass 大量的
shift 改变
guild 协会
参考译文1:
在美国大多数的历史中,其独特的一点是提供全面的教育。在哈佛学者Claudia Goldin和Lawrence Katz共同的研究《教育与科技的角逐》中指出在19世纪,像英国、法国和德国这样的国家只教育一小部分人,并把他们分入狭隘的专业项目中。这些专业项目只传授对他们职业发展重要的技能。相反,美国却提供大量的通识教育,因为美国人并不植根于特定的环境中,那种特定的环境具有长期建立的规则并为年轻人提供唯一的职业道路。